History Hans Högman
Copyright © Hans Högman 2021-07-02

The Clergy Family Hornaeus, Ytterlännäs, Sweden

Introduction

The Hornaeus Family have been clergymen for 3 generations in Ytterlännäs parish in southern Ångermanland, Sweden. Laurentius Christophori Hornaeus was the first in the family to become a clergyman in Ytterlännäs. He took up his post in 1672. Including his father-in-law, the family has consisted of 4 generations of clergymen in Ytterlännäs.

Ytterlännäs Parish

Ytterlännäs parish is located in the southern part of Ångermanland province, Västernorrland County, and is part of Kramfors municipality since 1974. The rural centers are Bollstabruk and Nyland. Ytterlännäs old church and Ytterlännäs new church are located in the parish (socken). At the municipal reform of 1862, the old “socken” was transformed into Ytterlännäs Parish and Ytterlännäs Rural Municipality (landskommun). The famous Häxberget (Witch Mountain) is located at the place where the three parishes meet; Ytterlännäs-Torsåker-Dal.

Ytterlännäs Old Church

The oldest parts of the church date from the 13th century. In the 15th century, the sacristy and the armory were built and the chancel was widened along the walls of the nave. The windows were made larger and the roof was raised considerably when brick arches were joined with spiral columns. The church was also painted in the 15th century because images and saints were important in the then Catholic Church. In the middle of the 19th century, there was a strong opinion to demolish the old church because Ytterlännäs new church was built. Judge Carl Martin Schönmeyer of Angsta farm opposed this and it was decided in 1850 that the old church would "remain untouched". Johan Nyberg, a sea captain and businessman on Johannisberg manor, made large donations and helped to save the church. On 22 October 1854, the last regular service was held at the old church. The image to the right shows Ytterlännäs Old Church in 2010. Image: Wikipedia.

Ytterlännäs New Church

The church was built in 1848-1854 on Näsholmen, after Ytterlännäs old church became too small. The sacristy was previously housed in an extension to the east, which was converted into a choir in 1896. A new sacristy was added in the northeast. The image to the right shows Ytterlännäs New Church in 2012. Image: Wikipedia.

The Hornaeus Clergymen in Ytterlännäs

Laurentius Christophri Hornaeus (gen 1)

Lars Christoffersson or Laurentius Christophri Hornaeus, which was the name he used as a clergyman, was born in 1645 in Härnösand, died on 27 May 1719 in Nordanåker, Ytterlännäs. Laurentius is buried inside the old church of Ytterlännäs. Between the altar ring and the door to the sacristy, there is a gap in the floor to the burial place. He studied to be a clergyman (Lutheran Church of Sweden) and he was enrolled at Uppsala University in 1667 together with his brother Petrus. The two brothers also traveled around Germany. Laurentius was ordained in 1672 and received a post as an assistant parish minister in Ytterlännäs parish, Torsåker pastorate. He was also a clergyman in Dal parish, in addition to his ministry in Ytterlännäs. After receiving the post, the Hornaeus family first lived in the old parsonage (the parish’s official residence for the parish minister) in Sunnanåker. After 1675 (possibly 1677) they took over a deserted home in Nordanåker, which they refurbished. Laurentius was a zealous witch hunter during the witch trials in Ytterlännäs 1674 - 1675. Laurentius was commissioned by the parish minister of Torsåker, Johannes Wattrangius, to try to track down all the witches in the parish. The young chaplain did this with great zeal. In Torsåker's pastorate, which included Ytterlännäs, it all culminated in 1674-1675 when 71 people in the pastorate were sentenced to the ax and stake. The executions took place on a mountain in the border area between Torsåker, Dal, and Ytterlännäs parishes (east of Lesjön Lake). This mountain has since been called Bålberget or Häxberget. Laurentius married in 1672 (probably) Brita Olofsdotter Rufinia (1651 - 1730). The couple had 10 children. Brita was the daughter of the former assistant parish minister of Ytterlännäs. She was thus born and raised at the parsonage residence in Sunnanåker. Brita was suspected of being a witch for a while during the witch trials in Ytterlännäs 1674 - 1775. However, she was acquitted. Her father, Olaus Erici Rufinius, was born in Hälsingland and died around 1672 in Sunnanåker, Ytterlännäs. Olaus was assistant parish minister in Ytterlännäs parish 1637 - 1672.

Lars Larsson-Hornaeus (gen 2)

Lars Larsson-Hornaeus was born 1682-01-07 in Nordanåker, Ytterlännäs. He died on 1751-04-29 in Nordanåker, Ytterlännäs, of pneumonia. Lars was the son of Laurentius Christophri Hornaeus, the assistant parish minister of Ytterlännäs, and his wife Brita Olofsdotter Rufinia. Lars was a student at Uppsala University in 1706 and was ordained a curate in Torsåker in 1708. Lars held a curacy in Luleå between 1715 and 1717. The family had to flee headlong from Luleå when the Russians attacked the city at the end of the Great Northern War. Once back in Ytterlännäs in 1717, Lars became his father's assistant and designated successor at his father's request. After the death of his father, assistant parish minister Laurentius Christophri, in 1719, Lars was given a mandate as assistant parish minister of Ytterlännäs on 15 July 1719. Lars and his family settled on the family estate in Nordanåker. Lars' mother Britta continued to live with the family on the farm in Nordanåker until her death on 1 September 1730. In his first marriage in 1709, Lars was married to Elisabeth "Lisken" Wattrang (1682 - 1743). Lars and Elisabeth had 6 children. Lisken was the daughter of Johannes (Hans) Wattrangius and his wife Catharina Blanchovia. Catharina came from the famous Blanck family in Hammar, Ytterlännäs. In his second marriage in 1747, Lars was married to Margareta Klingberg.

Jöns Hornaeus (gen 3)

Jöns Hornaeus was born in Ytterlännäs parish on 3 June 1715 and died there on 3 May 1778. He was an assistant parish minister in Ytterlännäs like his father and grandfather. Jöns was a divinity student at Uppsala University in 1735 and was ordained in 1742. In 1746 he became parish curate in Dal parish. He was appointed assistant parish minister in Ytterlännäs (Torsåker pastorate) after his father in 1753. He died of pneumonia in 1778 after a long illness. Like his father and grandfather, Jöns settled on the family farm in Nordanåker. In his first marriage in 1745, Jöns was married to Katharina Elisabeth Pihlwall (1727 - 1771). Jöns and Katharina had 8 children. Katharina was the daughter of the very first works steward of Bollsta Bruk, Carl Pihlwall (1688 - 1745), at Bollsta manor, and his wife was Elisabeth Dorothea Fabricia (1702 - 1774). Carl Pihlwall died on 20 October 1745, just a few months after Jöns and Katharina's wedding. In Jöns’ second marriage in 1773, he was married to Margareta Pehrsdotter-Molin (1739 - 1809). Jöns Hornaeus (i.e. grandson of Laurentius Hornaeus) made at his time a study of what happened during the witch trials in Ytterlännäs in the 1670s. Jöns received this assignment from the dean of Torsåker around 1735, i.e. 60 years later. The study came to be called "A Truthful Story" (En Sannfärdig berättelse). Jöns had the first draft of his study ready in 1741, but it was not published for the public until 24 May 1771. In 1750, Jöns becomes involved in a project to start glassworks in Ytterlännäs. He does this together with two other people and the glassworks is established on Sandö island. On 24 March 1760 Jöns and his brother, steward Lorents, bought land at the outlet of Lesjön Lake to Ed River from the villagers of Ed. The land was intended for a paper mill. Jöns' share was later taken over by Erik Edström, who in partnership with Lorents built up the paper mill. The two partners were brothers-in-law and each married a daughter of the owner of Åvike Works, Carl Pelt. The paper mill has had different names through the ages, including Hornöström, but later the mill was named Nyede. In 1764, Jöns also takes the initiative to build a bridge across the Svedje strait between Bollsta and the land east of the strait where, among other things, the church was located. See below. Jöns and Katharina's daughter Catharina Hornea (1754- 1809) was married on 28 November 1773 in ytterlännäs to Grels Henriksson (1746 - 1824) in Östergraninge, Graninge parish. Grels was a lay assessor and farmer in Östergraninge after his father. With Catharina, the Hornaeus family enters my family on my grandmother's side. The following text is found in the marriage book: "The homestead owner Grels Henrikson Österberg from Östergraninge was married on 28 November to maiden Catharina Hornea from Nordanåker." Catharina's ancestors have for four generations, since 1637, been clergymen in Ytterlännäs. The following is noted about Catharina's father, Jöns Hornaeus: "The father had unusually good practical sense and had extensive interests and seems also from the mother (Elisabeth Wattrang, parish minister's daughter from Torsåker) inherited poetic predispositions." Catharina's father, assistant parish minister Jöns Hornaeus, officiated at the wedding in Ytterlännäs.

Bridge Across Svedje Strait in 1764

In 1764, Jöns takes the initiative to build a bridge across the Svedje Strait and a new road between Nordanåker and Nyland. Being the practical man that he is, Jöns takes up the old question of a bridge across the Svedje Strait, which would shorten the old road around Ed Bay between Bollsta and Ytterlännäs by about 3 km (2 mi). The project had been discussed for a couple of hundred years. Due to land elevation, the strait had now become so narrow that it would facilitate the building of a bridge. On Jöns' initiative, the bridge was built in 1764 at the same time as the roads were re- routed. The bridge is also shown on the village maps from 1780. For very important events in the parish, the clergymen used to make notes in the church books. Jöns also thought so, and rightly so, about this project, which is why he included the following lines. {Source: Ytterlännäs C:1 2/5.} In 1764 the bridge across the Svedje Strait was built, which otherwise had been planned for over 200 years, but had not been executed until assistant parish minister Hornaeus, through the action of the Office of the County Governor, brought the matter to a conclusion." The map shows the Bollsta Bay and the Ed Bay (Edsfjärden) and the Bollstabruk community to the left of the bay. The strait between Bollsta Bay and Ed Bay is today merely a stream. Image: Lantmäteriet. In the same year, the new road between Nyland and Nordanåker was opened "by the demand and conduct of the assistant parish minister concerned".

Johannes Wattrangius, Parish Minister in Torsåker

Johannes Erici Wattrangius (1639 - 1684) was parish minister of Torsåker parish and head of Torsåker pastorate, which also included the parishes of Ytterlännäs and Dal. He became assistant clergyman (curate) in Torsåker in 1662 to his father and "pastor loci" in 1670. Johannes studied at Uppsala University in 1658 and was ordained in Härnösand in 1668. He was married to Catharina Blanchovia (1643 - 1708). Johannes and Catharina had six children. John's father was Ericus Andreae Wattrangius (1600 - 1670), parish minister of Torsåker pastorate. He came to Torsåker in 1654. Before that, he had been an army chaplain in Germany during the Thirty Years’ War, also during the time of Swedish King Gustav II Adolf. He studied at Uppsala University in 1625 and was army chaplain from 1628. Catharina's father was Jöns Bryngelsson Blanck (1613 - 1667). The family owned a large farm in Hammar, Ytterlännäs. During the witch trials in Torsåker pastorate in 1674 - 1675, Laurentius Hornaeus was commissioned by the parish minister of Torsåker, Johannes Wattrangius, to try to track down all the witches in the pastorate. Johannes held a hellfire sermon in Torsåker church for the condemned men and women before they were executed and burned at the stake on Häxberget in the spring of 1675. Johannes Wattrangius' daughter Elisabeth (b. 1682) and Laurentius Hornaeus' son Lars (b. 1682) later married each other (1709).

The Hornaeus Family Tree

Family Tree - Hornaeus Family, Chart Family Tree for the Clergy Family Hornaeus Witch Trials in Torsåker, Ångermanland 1675

Bolstabruk

At the far end of the Bollsta bay, there was originally a village called Bollsta. When an ironworks was built next to the village in the 18th century, it was named Bollsta Bruk (Bollsta Works). Over time, the name was merged into a single word, Bollstabruk. The ironworks was closed in 1898 and today the name Bollstabruk is the name of the whole community. Bollstabruk, also known as Bollsta, is today a town in the municipality of Kramfors located at the Bollsta Bay of the Ångerman River about 10 km northwest of the central town of Kramfors. The town includes the old village of Bollsta as well as several other villages along Bollsta Bay. In the 1680s, Count Carl Larsson Sparre, Governor of Västernorrland County and owner of Graninge Works, planned to build a blast furnace and hammer forge at Bollsta River. However, Sparre's plans never came to fruition. In the early 18th century, the idea of a blast furnace and hammer mill was revived, now by Graninge Work's current owner, Johan Clason, and by the owner of Holm Manor and Gålsjö Works, Jacob Polack. In 1737, they jointly built the "Bollsteå blast furnace" at the fall of the Bollsta River just before its outlet into Bollsta Bay, mainly on land belonging to Blästa village. Most of the equipment was moved there from Sollefteå, where a blast furnace had previously been built by the owners of Graninge Works. In 1741 the blast furnace in Bollsta was completed. The furnace was in operation until February 1899. In addition to the production of pig iron for the hammers, the blast furnace has also been used for foundry operations. Several stoves were cast here with the mark established for Bollsta Works: the Roman number XII within a circle and the letter B. See the picture to the right. In 1853, the ironworks in Bollsta was supplemented with a water saw with four frames and an edge bench. It was succeeded in 1860 by a steam saw with five frames and two edge benches. As the sawmill industry expanded, workers' barracks were built in 1887-1894 and named “Kejsarstaden” (the Emperor's Town). Neither Johan Clason nor Jacob Pollack lived at the works, but it was managed by trustees. The first works steward at Bollsta Bruk was Carl Pihlwall (1688 - 1745). His wife was Elisabeth Dorothea Fabricia (1702 - 1774). Pihlwall had a great social life and often hosted large dinners. When his own fortune was not enough, he began to "borrow" money from the works. His debts grew and when the whole thing came to light, the debt had reached 13,345 daler, a very large sum in those days. By way of comparison, his own annual salary as a works inspector was 1,200 daler. Pihlwall had to acknowledge his debt to the mill in writing and had all his assets pledged as security for the debt. The works owners were satisfied with this and did not pursue the matter further. Neither his wife nor his children knew anything about this. When Carl Pihlwall died a few years later, on 20 October 1745, and only now did his widow and children find out about it. This was of course a blow to the family when the large debt was discovered. When the estate inventory was completed, the estate was left with a loss of 3,328 daler. Together with the debt that Pihlwall had previously acknowledged in writing, the total debt amounted to 16,000 daler kmt. In other words, the family was destitute and had to move out of the steward's house. Elisabeth's only option now was to move in with her daughter Katharina and her husband, the assistant parish minister Jöns Hornaeus in Nordanåker. Bollsta Works was later passed on to Johan Clason's sons and grandsons in Graninge Works' name.

The Manor House of Bollsta Ironworks

The manor house and its two wings originally faced the Bollsta Bay, but during a renovation in 1813 the main building was moved to its present location. The then owner of Graninge Works, Isak Ifraim Clason, then moved into the manor house at Bollstabruk. In the middle of the 19th century, the manor's main building was renovated again and extended with two additions. Otherwise, the manor house was the residence of the works' stewards and the manor house also included a large farm. The house acquired its present aspect in the 1940s.

Bollsta Sawmill

The first water-powered frame saw was built by Graninge and Holm's works in 1853 near the mouth of the Bollsta River. In 1863 Graninge works built a steam sawmill on the site. This meant that the saw was no longer dependent on the flow of water in the river and could operate virtually all year round. Initially, the steam saw was equipped with five sowing frames, but in 1890 it was equipped with ten frames.

Johannisberg Manor House

Sea captain Johan Nyberg (1801 - 1875) had Johannisberg Manor built as a residence for himself. Johan Nyberg built both the main building and the two wings and named the place after his own baptismal name, Johannes. The exact date of construction of the buildings is not clear, but it was in the late 1840s. He was a very successful businessman and he started his career as a sea captain and shipowner with his own ships. In 1836, Nyberg bought the shipyard in Bollsta, which had previously produced boats for the works' needs since the 18th century. Nyberg traded internationally in timber products that were transported on his own ships. Johan Nyberg had graduated as a sea captain from the navigation school in Härnösand. Among Nyberg's own vessels were the brig Lisette and the ships Atlantic, Weidenhielm and Carl XV. He invested in several sawmills and also farmed. His fortune grew and after a few years he built his mansion, Johannisberg. The painting shows the manor house Johannisberg in Bollstabruk, Ytterlännäs. Oil painting by G W Palm, in 1856. Image: Wikipedia.. Later in his life, Nyberg drew up a donation letter for 167,000 riksdaler. It was to be used for charitable purposes, such as health care, poor relief, schools, etc. Nyberg was opposed to the church council's plans to demolish the old church in Ytterlännäs when the new one was completed. He therefore donated 1,500 riksdaler for the maintenance and repair of the old church. Johan Nyberg died a few years after the donations and was then 74 years old. Nyberg and his wife Cajsa Lisa had no children of their own, but they took on their nephew Nils Johan Nyberg as a foster son. Nils Johan also became a sea captain and inherited Johannisberg Manor. Ytterlännäs municipality bought the manor house in 1928 to use the lower level as a municipal office. The upper floor was preserved intact.

Clergy Family Hornaeus in Ytterlännäs

Related Links

Family Tree - Hornaeus Family, Chart Family Tree for the Clergy Family Hornaeus Witch Trials in Torsåker, Ångermanland 1675

Source References

Det gamla Ytterlännäs (The Old Ytterlännäs), Sten Berglund, 1974. Published by Ytterlännäs Hembygdsförening Bollstabruk och Ytterlännäs Riksintressen, Murberget Länsmuseet Västernorrland, Länsmuseets småskriftsserie nr 13, 2014. Wikipedia DigitaltMuseum
Photos of Ytterlännäs View of Bollsta, Ytterlännäs, with the Bollsta Bay in the background, around the turn of the century 1900.  Image: the Railway Museum, ID: JvmKCAC12371.  In the upper part of the photo you can see Ytterlännäs' new church.  Aerial view of Bollstabruk, Ytterlännäs. The picture was taken before 1937. Image: the Railway Museum, ID: JvmKCAC02589.   View of Bollsta Bay, Ytterlännäs. Hand-colored slide by Viktor Lundgren (1884 - 1967). Image: Västernorrland Museum, ID: PHO_26_3_444.  Ytterlännäs' new church can be seen to the left of the picture. Bollsta Works. The blast furnace, the ironworks in 1898. Photo: Technical Museum, ID: TEKA0146392.  Bollsta steam saw in 1897 and the tugboat Bollsta I (launched 1896), Graninge Works AB. Photo: Sjöhistoriska museet (Maritime Museum), ID: Fo175662.    Bollsta Works, the manor house in 1898. The manor has been the residence of the works' stewards. Image: Technical Museum, ID: TEKA0146388.  Bolstabruk, the railway station. The railway was extended from Härnösand to Sollefteå in 1893, giving Bollstabruk a railway connection. The line was opened to traffic on 12 December 1893, but the actual inauguration took place on 1 January 1894, when King Oscar II and Crown Prince Gustaf were on the inaugural train. Photo: Railway Museum, ID: JvmKCAC17688.
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History Hans Högman
Copyright © Hans Högman 2021-07-02

The Clergy Family Hornaeus,

Ytterlännäs, Sweden

Introduction

The Hornaeus Family have been clergymen for 3 generations in Ytterlännäs parish in southern Ångermanland, Sweden. Laurentius Christophori Hornaeus was the first in the family to become a clergyman in Ytterlännäs. He took up his post in 1672. Including his father-in-law, the family has consisted of 4 generations of clergymen in Ytterlännäs.

Ytterlännäs Parish

Ytterlännäs parish is located in the southern part of Ångermanland province, Västernorrland County, and is part of Kramfors municipality since 1974. The rural centers are Bollstabruk and Nyland. Ytterlännäs old church and Ytterlännäs new church are located in the parish (socken). At the municipal reform of 1862, the old “socken” was transformed into Ytterlännäs Parish and Ytterlännäs Rural Municipality (landskommun). The famous Häxberget (Witch Mountain) is located at the place where the three parishes meet; Ytterlännäs-Torsåker-Dal.

Ytterlännäs Old Church

The oldest parts of the church date from the 13th century. In the 15th century, the sacristy and the armory were built and the chancel was widened along the walls of the nave. The windows were made larger and the roof was raised considerably when brick arches were joined with spiral columns. The church was also painted in the 15th century because images and saints were important in the then Catholic Church. In the middle of the 19th century, there was a strong opinion to demolish the old church because Ytterlännäs new church was built. Judge Carl Martin Schönmeyer of Angsta farm opposed this and it was decided in 1850 that the old church would "remain untouched". Johan Nyberg, a sea captain and businessman on Johannisberg manor, made large donations and helped to save the church. On 22 October 1854, the last regular service was held at the old church. The image to the right shows Ytterlännäs Old Church in 2010. Image: Wikipedia.

Ytterlännäs New Church

The church was built in 1848-1854 on Näsholmen, after Ytterlännäs old church became too small. The sacristy was previously housed in an extension to the east, which was converted into a choir in 1896. A new sacristy was added in the northeast. The image to the right shows Ytterlännäs New Church in 2012. Image: Wikipedia.

The Hornaeus Clergymen in

Ytterlännäs

Laurentius Christophri Hornaeus (gen 1)

Lars Christoffersson or Laurentius Christophri Hornaeus, which was the name he used as a clergyman, was born in 1645 in Härnösand, died on 27 May 1719 in Nordanåker, Ytterlännäs. Laurentius is buried inside the old church of Ytterlännäs. Between the altar ring and the door to the sacristy, there is a gap in the floor to the burial place. He studied to be a clergyman (Lutheran Church of Sweden) and he was enrolled at Uppsala University in 1667 together with his brother Petrus. The two brothers also traveled around Germany. Laurentius was ordained in 1672 and received a post as an assistant parish minister in Ytterlännäs parish, Torsåker pastorate. He was also a clergyman in Dal parish, in addition to his ministry in Ytterlännäs. After receiving the post, the Hornaeus family first lived in the old parsonage (the parish’s official residence for the parish minister) in Sunnanåker. After 1675 (possibly 1677) they took over a deserted home in Nordanåker, which they refurbished. Laurentius was a zealous witch hunter during the witch trials in Ytterlännäs 1674 - 1675. Laurentius was commissioned by the parish minister of Torsåker, Johannes Wattrangius, to try to track down all the witches in the parish. The young chaplain did this with great zeal. In Torsåker's pastorate, which included Ytterlännäs, it all culminated in 1674-1675 when 71 people in the pastorate were sentenced to the ax and stake. The executions took place on a mountain in the border area between Torsåker, Dal, and Ytterlännäs parishes (east of Lesjön Lake). This mountain has since been called Bålberget or Häxberget. Laurentius married in 1672 (probably) Brita Olofsdotter Rufinia (1651 - 1730). The couple had 10 children. Brita was the daughter of the former assistant parish minister of Ytterlännäs. She was thus born and raised at the parsonage residence in Sunnanåker. Brita was suspected of being a witch for a while during the witch trials in Ytterlännäs 1674 - 1775. However, she was acquitted. Her father, Olaus Erici Rufinius, was born in Hälsingland and died around 1672 in Sunnanåker, Ytterlännäs. Olaus was assistant parish minister in Ytterlännäs parish 1637 - 1672.

Lars Larsson-Hornaeus (gen 2)

Lars Larsson-Hornaeus was born 1682-01-07 in Nordanåker, Ytterlännäs. He died on 1751-04-29 in Nordanåker, Ytterlännäs, of pneumonia. Lars was the son of Laurentius Christophri Hornaeus, the assistant parish minister of Ytterlännäs, and his wife Brita Olofsdotter Rufinia. Lars was a student at Uppsala University in 1706 and was ordained a curate in Torsåker in 1708. Lars held a curacy in Luleå between 1715 and 1717. The family had to flee headlong from Luleå when the Russians attacked the city at the end of the Great Northern War. Once back in Ytterlännäs in 1717, Lars became his father's assistant and designated successor at his father's request. After the death of his father, assistant parish minister Laurentius Christophri, in 1719, Lars was given a mandate as assistant parish minister of Ytterlännäs on 15 July 1719. Lars and his family settled on the family estate in Nordanåker. Lars' mother Britta continued to live with the family on the farm in Nordanåker until her death on 1 September 1730. In his first marriage in 1709, Lars was married to Elisabeth "Lisken" Wattrang (1682 - 1743). Lars and Elisabeth had 6 children. Lisken was the daughter of Johannes (Hans) Wattrangius and his wife Catharina Blanchovia. Catharina came from the famous Blanck family in Hammar, Ytterlännäs. In his second marriage in 1747, Lars was married to Margareta Klingberg.

Jöns Hornaeus (gen 3)

Jöns Hornaeus was born in Ytterlännäs parish on 3 June 1715 and died there on 3 May 1778. He was an assistant parish minister in Ytterlännäs like his father and grandfather. Jöns was a divinity student at Uppsala University in 1735 and was ordained in 1742. In 1746 he became parish curate in Dal parish. He was appointed assistant parish minister in Ytterlännäs (Torsåker pastorate) after his father in 1753. He died of pneumonia in 1778 after a long illness. Like his father and grandfather, Jöns settled on the family farm in Nordanåker. In his first marriage in 1745, Jöns was married to Katharina Elisabeth Pihlwall (1727 - 1771). Jöns and Katharina had 8 children. Katharina was the daughter of the very first works steward of Bollsta Bruk, Carl Pihlwall (1688 - 1745), at Bollsta manor, and his wife was Elisabeth Dorothea Fabricia (1702 - 1774). Carl Pihlwall died on 20 October 1745, just a few months after Jöns and Katharina's wedding. In Jöns’ second marriage in 1773, he was married to Margareta Pehrsdotter-Molin (1739 - 1809). Jöns Hornaeus (i.e. grandson of Laurentius Hornaeus) made at his time a study of what happened during the witch trials in Ytterlännäs in the 1670s. Jöns received this assignment from the dean of Torsåker around 1735, i.e. 60 years later. The study came to be called "A Truthful Story" (En Sannfärdig berättelse). Jöns had the first draft of his study ready in 1741, but it was not published for the public until 24 May 1771. In 1750, Jöns becomes involved in a project to start glassworks in Ytterlännäs. He does this together with two other people and the glassworks is established on Sandö island. On 24 March 1760 Jöns and his brother, steward Lorents, bought land at the outlet of Lesjön Lake to Ed River from the villagers of Ed. The land was intended for a paper mill. Jöns' share was later taken over by Erik Edström, who in partnership with Lorents built up the paper mill. The two partners were brothers-in-law and each married a daughter of the owner of Åvike Works, Carl Pelt. The paper mill has had different names through the ages, including Hornöström, but later the mill was named Nyede. In 1764, Jöns also takes the initiative to build a bridge across the Svedje strait between Bollsta and the land east of the strait where, among other things, the church was located. See below. Jöns and Katharina's daughter Catharina Hornea (1754- 1809) was married on 28 November 1773 in ytterlännäs to Grels Henriksson (1746 - 1824) in Östergraninge, Graninge parish. Grels was a lay assessor and farmer in Östergraninge after his father. With Catharina, the Hornaeus family enters my family on my grandmother's side. The following text is found in the marriage book: "The homestead owner Grels Henrikson Österberg from Östergraninge was married on 28 November to maiden Catharina Hornea from Nordanåker." Catharina's ancestors have for four generations, since 1637, been clergymen in Ytterlännäs. The following is noted about Catharina's father, Jöns Hornaeus: "The father had unusually good practical sense and had extensive interests and seems also from the mother (Elisabeth Wattrang, parish minister's daughter from Torsåker) inherited poetic predispositions." Catharina's father, assistant parish minister Jöns Hornaeus, officiated at the wedding in Ytterlännäs.

Bridge Across Svedje Strait in 1764

In 1764, Jöns takes the initiative to build a bridge across the Svedje Strait and a new road between Nordanåker and Nyland. Being the practical man that he is, Jöns takes up the old question of a bridge across the Svedje Strait, which would shorten the old road around Ed Bay between Bollsta and Ytterlännäs by about 3 km (2 mi). The project had been discussed for a couple of hundred years. Due to land elevation, the strait had now become so narrow that it would facilitate the building of a bridge. On Jöns' initiative, the bridge was built in 1764 at the same time as the roads were re-routed. The bridge is also shown on the village maps from 1780. For very important events in the parish, the clergymen used to make notes in the church books. Jöns also thought so, and rightly so, about this project, which is why he included the following lines. {Source: Ytterlännäs C:1 2/5.} In 1764 the bridge across the Svedje Strait was built, which otherwise had been planned for over 200 years, but had not been executed until assistant parish minister Hornaeus, through the action of the Office of the County Governor, brought the matter to a conclusion." The map shows the Bollsta Bay and the Ed Bay (Edsfjärden) and the Bollstabruk community to the left of the bay. The strait between Bollsta Bay and Ed Bay is today merely a stream. Image: Lantmäteriet. In the same year, the new road between Nyland and Nordanåker was opened "by the demand and conduct of the assistant parish minister concerned".

Johannes Wattrangius, Parish Minister in

Torsåker

Johannes Erici Wattrangius (1639 - 1684) was parish minister of Torsåker parish and head of Torsåker pastorate, which also included the parishes of Ytterlännäs and Dal. He became assistant clergyman (curate) in Torsåker in 1662 to his father and "pastor loci" in 1670. Johannes studied at Uppsala University in 1658 and was ordained in Härnösand in 1668. He was married to Catharina Blanchovia (1643 - 1708). Johannes and Catharina had six children. John's father was Ericus Andreae Wattrangius (1600 - 1670), parish minister of Torsåker pastorate. He came to Torsåker in 1654. Before that, he had been an army chaplain in Germany during the Thirty Years’ War, also during the time of Swedish King Gustav II Adolf. He studied at Uppsala University in 1625 and was army chaplain from 1628. Catharina's father was Jöns Bryngelsson Blanck (1613 - 1667). The family owned a large farm in Hammar, Ytterlännäs. During the witch trials in Torsåker pastorate in 1674 - 1675, Laurentius Hornaeus was commissioned by the parish minister of Torsåker, Johannes Wattrangius, to try to track down all the witches in the pastorate. Johannes held a hellfire sermon in Torsåker church for the condemned men and women before they were executed and burned at the stake on Häxberget in the spring of 1675. Johannes Wattrangius' daughter Elisabeth (b. 1682) and Laurentius Hornaeus' son Lars (b. 1682) later married each other (1709).

The Hornaeus Family Tree

Family Tree - Hornaeus Family, Chart Family Tree for the Clergy Family Hornaeus Witch Trials in Torsåker, Ångermanland 1675

Bolstabruk

At the far end of the Bollsta bay, there was originally a village called Bollsta. When an ironworks was built next to the village in the 18th century, it was named Bollsta Bruk (Bollsta Works). Over time, the name was merged into a single word, Bollstabruk. The ironworks was closed in 1898 and today the name Bollstabruk is the name of the whole community. Bollstabruk, also known as Bollsta, is today a town in the municipality of Kramfors located at the Bollsta Bay of the Ångerman River about 10 km northwest of the central town of Kramfors. The town includes the old village of Bollsta as well as several other villages along Bollsta Bay. In the 1680s, Count Carl Larsson Sparre, Governor of Västernorrland County and owner of Graninge Works, planned to build a blast furnace and hammer forge at Bollsta River. However, Sparre's plans never came to fruition. In the early 18th century, the idea of a blast furnace and hammer mill was revived, now by Graninge Work's current owner, Johan Clason, and by the owner of Holm Manor and Gålsjö Works, Jacob Polack. In 1737, they jointly built the "Bollsteå blast furnace" at the fall of the Bollsta River just before its outlet into Bollsta Bay, mainly on land belonging to Blästa village. Most of the equipment was moved there from Sollefteå, where a blast furnace had previously been built by the owners of Graninge Works. In 1741 the blast furnace in Bollsta was completed. The furnace was in operation until February 1899. In addition to the production of pig iron for the hammers, the blast furnace has also been used for foundry operations. Several stoves were cast here with the mark established for Bollsta Works: the Roman number XII within a circle and the letter B. See the picture to the right. In 1853, the ironworks in Bollsta was supplemented with a water saw with four frames and an edge bench. It was succeeded in 1860 by a steam saw with five frames and two edge benches. As the sawmill industry expanded, workers' barracks were built in 1887-1894 and named “Kejsarstaden (the Emperor's Town). Neither Johan Clason nor Jacob Pollack lived at the works, but it was managed by trustees. The first works steward at Bollsta Bruk was Carl Pihlwall (1688 - 1745). His wife was Elisabeth Dorothea Fabricia (1702 - 1774). Pihlwall had a great social life and often hosted large dinners. When his own fortune was not enough, he began to "borrow" money from the works. His debts grew and when the whole thing came to light, the debt had reached 13,345 daler, a very large sum in those days. By way of comparison, his own annual salary as a works inspector was 1,200 daler. Pihlwall had to acknowledge his debt to the mill in writing and had all his assets pledged as security for the debt. The works owners were satisfied with this and did not pursue the matter further. Neither his wife nor his children knew anything about this. When Carl Pihlwall died a few years later, on 20 October 1745, and only now did his widow and children find out about it. This was of course a blow to the family when the large debt was discovered. When the estate inventory was completed, the estate was left with a loss of 3,328 daler. Together with the debt that Pihlwall had previously acknowledged in writing, the total debt amounted to 16,000 daler kmt. In other words, the family was destitute and had to move out of the steward's house. Elisabeth's only option now was to move in with her daughter Katharina and her husband, the assistant parish minister Jöns Hornaeus in Nordanåker. Bollsta Works was later passed on to Johan Clason's sons and grandsons in Graninge Works' name.

The Manor House of Bollsta Ironworks

The manor house and its two wings originally faced the Bollsta Bay, but during a renovation in 1813 the main building was moved to its present location. The then owner of Graninge Works, Isak Ifraim Clason, then moved into the manor house at Bollstabruk. In the middle of the 19th century, the manor's main building was renovated again and extended with two additions. Otherwise, the manor house was the residence of the works' stewards and the manor house also included a large farm. The house acquired its present aspect in the 1940s.

Bollsta Sawmill

The first water-powered frame saw was built by Graninge and Holm's works in 1853 near the mouth of the Bollsta River. In 1863 Graninge works built a steam sawmill on the site. This meant that the saw was no longer dependent on the flow of water in the river and could operate virtually all year round. Initially, the steam saw was equipped with five sowing frames, but in 1890 it was equipped with ten frames.

Johannisberg Manor House

Sea captain Johan Nyberg (1801 - 1875) had Johannisberg Manor built as a residence for himself. Johan Nyberg built both the main building and the two wings and named the place after his own baptismal name, Johannes. The exact date of construction of the buildings is not clear, but it was in the late 1840s. He was a very successful businessman and he started his career as a sea captain and shipowner with his own ships. In 1836, Nyberg bought the shipyard in Bollsta, which had previously produced boats for the works' needs since the 18th century. Nyberg traded internationally in timber products that were transported on his own ships. Johan Nyberg had graduated as a sea captain from the navigation school in Härnösand. Among Nyberg's own vessels were the brig Lisette and the ships Atlantic, Weidenhielm and Carl XV. He invested in several sawmills and also farmed. His fortune grew and after a few years he built his mansion, Johannisberg. The painting shows the manor house Johannisberg in Bollstabruk, Ytterlännäs. Oil painting by G W Palm, in 1856. Image: Wikipedia.. Later in his life, Nyberg drew up a donation letter for 167,000 riksdaler. It was to be used for charitable purposes, such as health care, poor relief, schools, etc. Nyberg was opposed to the church council's plans to demolish the old church in Ytterlännäs when the new one was completed. He therefore donated 1,500 riksdaler for the maintenance and repair of the old church. Johan Nyberg died a few years after the donations and was then 74 years old. Nyberg and his wife Cajsa Lisa had no children of their own, but they took on their nephew Nils Johan Nyberg as a foster son. Nils Johan also became a sea captain and inherited Johannisberg Manor. Ytterlännäs municipality bought the manor house in 1928 to use the lower level as a municipal office. The upper floor was preserved intact.

Clergy Family Hornaeus

in Ytterlännäs

Related Links

Family Tree - Hornaeus Family, Chart Family Tree for the Clergy Family Hornaeus Witch Trials in Torsåker, Ångermanland 1675

Source References

Det gamla Ytterlännäs (The Old Ytterlännäs), Sten Berglund, 1974. Published by Ytterlännäs Hembygdsförening Bollstabruk och Ytterlännäs Riksintressen, Murberget Länsmuseet Västernorrland, Länsmuseets småskriftsserie nr 13, 2014. Wikipedia DigitaltMuseum
View of Bollsta, Ytterlännäs, with the Bollsta Bay in the background, around the turn of the century 1900.  Image: the Railway Museum, ID: JvmKCAC12371.  In the upper part of the photo you can see Ytterlännäs' new church.  Aerial view of Bollstabruk, Ytterlännäs. The picture was taken before 1937. Image: the Railway Museum, ID: JvmKCAC02589.   View of Bollsta Bay, Ytterlännäs. Hand-colored slide by Viktor Lundgren (1884 - 1967). Image: Västernorrland Museum, ID: PHO_26_3_444.  Ytterlännäs' new church can be seen to the left of the picture. Bollsta Works. The blast furnace, the ironworks in 1898. Photo: Technical Museum, ID: TEKA0146392.  Photos of Ytterlännäs Bollsta steam saw in 1897 and the tugboat Bollsta I (launched 1896), Graninge Works AB. Photo: Sjöhistoriska museet (Maritime Museum), ID: Fo175662.    Bollsta Works, the manor house in 1898. The manor has been the residence of the works' stewards. Image: Technical Museum, ID: TEKA0146388.  Bolstabruk, the railway station. The railway was extended from Härnösand to Sollefteå in 1893, giving Bollstabruk a railway connection. The line was opened to traffic on 12 December 1893, but the actual inauguration took place on 1 January 1894, when King Oscar II and Crown Prince Gustaf were on the inaugural train. Photo: Railway Museum, ID: JvmKCAC17688.